Order CNC custom mechanical parts base on grade 23 titanium.

Learn about grade 23 titanium (ELI), a premium alloy offering exceptional biocompatibility, high strength, and corrosion resistance. Ideal for medical implants, aerospace components, and high-performance applications, Grade 23 titanium delivers reliability and durability in demanding environments.

grade 23 titanium

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AGD has been very satisfied with SOURCIX's support, prompt responses, and attention to detail. We’ve decided to move forward with more projects and make SOURCIX our main service for development and prototypes, with plans to expand to full production soon.

Alberto Guerra

CEO at AGD PRODUCTIONS, Inc.

Los Angeles, CA USA

Trusted by leading companies

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Manufacturing process Type Type of items Common materials Typical tolerances

CNC

Milling

Complex 3D shapes
Enclosures and housings
Custom brackets
Prototypes
Mold and tooling

Aluminium 6061 / 7075
Steel 1018 / 4140
SST 304 / 316
Brass / Copper
Plastics (POM, ABS, Nylon)

+/- 0.01 mm to +/- 0.05mm

Turning

Cylindrical components
Shafts
Sleeves and bushings
Fittings
Custom threaded parts

Steel 4140 / 1045
SST 316 / 303
Titanium
Plastics (PTFE, PEEK)

+/- 0.01 mm to +/- 0.05mm

Sheet metal

Enclosures and chassis
Brackets
Panels
Covers and guards
Structural frames

Aluminium 5052
Steel
SST 304 / 316
Copper
Polycarbonate

+/- 0.5 mm to +/- 1mm

A Comprehensive Guide to Grade 23 Titanium (ELI)

Introduction

Grade 23 titanium, also known as Titanium 6Al-4V Extra Low Interstitial (ELI), is a highly specialized alloy renowned for its superior biocompatibility, excellent mechanical properties, and exceptional corrosion resistance. As the preferred material for medical implants and high-performance applications, this alloy plays a critical role in advancing modern engineering and medical solutions. This article explores the chemical composition, properties, processing techniques, and applications of Grade 23 titanium.


Chemical Composition

Grade 23 titanium is an alpha-beta alloy composed primarily of titanium, with the following key alloying elements:

  • Aluminum (Al): 5.5–6.5% – Enhances strength and oxidation resistance.
  • Vanadium (V): 3.5–4.5% – Improves strength and corrosion resistance.
  • Oxygen (O): ≤0.13% – Kept low for improved ductility and fracture toughness.
  • Iron (Fe): ≤0.25% – Maintains structural integrity.
  • Carbon (C): ≤0.08% – Low content ensures better toughness.
  • Nitrogen (N): ≤0.03% – Maintains ductility.
  • Hydrogen (H): ≤0.012% – Prevents embrittlement.

The stringent control of interstitial elements like oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen distinguishes Grade 23 from Grade 5 titanium, ensuring its superior biocompatibility and performance in demanding applications.


Key Properties

  1. Biocompatibility: Grade 23 titanium exhibits unparalleled biocompatibility, making it ideal for medical implants and devices that require direct interaction with human tissues.
  2. High Strength-to-Weight Ratio: This alloy offers impressive mechanical strength (tensile strength of ~895 MPa) while remaining lightweight, which is essential for aerospace and medical applications.
  3. Exceptional Corrosion Resistance: Grade 23 titanium is highly resistant to corrosion in bodily fluids and harsh environments, ensuring long-term durability.
  4. Enhanced Ductility and Fracture Toughness: The low interstitial content (ELI) results in improved ductility, making it suitable for applications requiring flexibility and reliability under stress.
  5. Fatigue Resistance: Superior fatigue resistance ensures that the material performs reliably under cyclic loading conditions.

Processing Techniques

Grade 23 titanium can be processed through a variety of methods to achieve the desired mechanical and surface properties:

  1. Forging:
    • Produces components with excellent mechanical strength and toughness.
    • Commonly used for creating high-stress parts like orthopedic implants.
  2. Machining:
    • Requires specialized tools due to titanium’s hardness and low thermal conductivity.
    • Optimized machining processes ensure precision for medical and aerospace components.
  3. Additive Manufacturing (3D Printing):
    • Enables the production of complex geometries with minimal material waste.
    • Widely used for custom implants and lightweight aerospace parts.
  4. Surface Treatments:
    • Techniques such as anodizing and polishing enhance the alloy’s surface properties, including wear resistance and biocompatibility.

Applications

Grade 23 titanium’s unique properties make it indispensable in several industries:

  1. Medical and Dental:
    • Orthopedic Implants: Hip joints, knee replacements, and spinal implants.
    • Dental Applications: Crowns, bridges, and dental implants.
    • Surgical Instruments: Durable and lightweight tools for precision procedures.
  2. Aerospace Industry:
    • Components requiring high strength, low weight, and fatigue resistance, such as aircraft structural parts and engine components.
  3. Industrial Applications:
    • High-performance parts in chemical processing, marine environments, and sports equipment.
  4. Consumer Products:
    • Premium watches, eyeglass frames, and other luxury items where durability and aesthetics are critical.

Advantages Over Grade 5 Titanium

While Grade 5 titanium (6Al-4V) shares similar chemical composition, Grade 23 offers significant advantages due to its ELI designation:

  • Enhanced Biocompatibility: Lower interstitial content ensures safe use in medical implants.
  • Improved Fracture Toughness: Greater resistance to cracking under stress.
  • Better Ductility: Suitable for applications requiring material deformation without failure.

Limitations

Despite its many advantages, Grade 23 titanium has some limitations:

  1. Cost:
    • Higher cost compared to other titanium grades due to stringent purity requirements.
  2. Machining Challenges:
    • Requires specialized tools and techniques to achieve precision.
  3. Limited Availability:
    • Not as readily available as other titanium grades, leading to longer lead times.

Future Prospects

Research and development in titanium alloys aim to further enhance the properties of Grade 23 titanium, particularly in the following areas:

  • Surface Engineering: Advanced coatings to improve wear resistance and functionality.
  • Recycling Techniques: Eco-friendly processes for reclaiming titanium from medical and industrial waste.
  • Customized Alloys: Tailoring compositions to meet specific application requirements.

Conclusion

Grade 23 titanium (ELI) is a high-performance alloy that continues to revolutionize industries such as medical, aerospace, and consumer goods. Its combination of strength, lightweight properties, and biocompatibility ensures its position as a preferred material for critical applications. While it has limitations, ongoing advancements promise to expand its capabilities, ensuring its relevance in the future of engineering and medicine.